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Networking computers is combining several independent disciples of science and engineering such as telecommunications, computer science, information technology and / or computer engineering. Computers are connected to each other primarily through telecommunications. Telecommunications, in turn, can be run by computers and both wired and wireless settings. To achieve sophisticated technology precision devices, including computers, which are used in building efficient computer networks information technology and computer science have been a booster.
chronicle the development of Computer Networking
Even before the nineteenth century, the visual signal is considered to be used in the network. Communication between machines calculation used to do by passing instructions manually. The development of current day computer networking can be traced back to the middle of the last century. Chronologically, it can be summarized as follows:
September 1940 – Using teletype machine George Stibitz to send instructions for a problem set from his model of Dartmouth College in New Hampshire to his Complex Number Calculator in New York and get back the results of
August 1962 -. Computer scientist JCR Licklider of Bolt, Beranek and Newman Company formulated and published the concept of linking output systems like teletypes to computers to built “Intergalactic Computer Network”
October 1963 -. The Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) hired JCR Licklider to design and develop the Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET) in favor of the US Department of Defense to share resources and information
1964 -. Researchers developed the Dartmouth Time Sharing System for discrete computer systems at Dartmouth. In the same year, a group of researchers at MIT succeeded to route and manage telephone using computers. This project was supported by General Electric and Bell Labs
1965 -. Lawrence G. Roberts and Thomas Merrill succeeded in creating the first wide area network (WAN). In the same year, the very first use PSTN (Public Switched Telephone Network) switch was introduced by Western Electric. It was important as it used true computer control for networking for the first time in the history of
November 1969 -. The first permanent ARPANET link was established between the Interface Message Processor (IMP) at University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) and the IMP at Stanford Research Institute
December 1969 -. All four-node network with University of California, Santa Barbara, UCLA, Stanford Research Institute and the University Computer Science Department Utah on respective nodes was connected
1972 -. Commercial services using X.25 were submitted and later used as the underlying infrastructure for expanding Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol network
1989 – .. World Wide Web was invented by Timothy Berners- Lee at the European Laboratory of Particle Physics in Geneva, Switzerland
continuous effort to connect through computer networks and also communication between them, the technology has been evolving through augmentation of computer hardware, software and peripherals industries. As a result, the scope of communication has developed manifold. Such a development would have been impossible without progress in the network.
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